The last male northern white rhino on Earth is under 24-hour armed guard

Sudan is the last of his kind, and at the age of 42 he doesn’t have much time left. After 35-years in captivity Sudan is living out his final years at Ol Pejeta conservancy in central Kenya's Laikipia, surrounded by a team of armed guards. With his back legs weakening and his sperm count lowering the chances of Sudan being able to mount a female and sire more offspring diminishes daily.

CEO of Ol Pejeta Conservancy, Richard Vigne, said: “Sudan is quite an old animal as far as rhinos are concerned - he’s an old animal and he’s going to die soon, I think that’s the reality.” With breeding programs proving unsuccessful, the three-ton animal’s death could mean extinction for the northern white rhino. Sudan was born in South Sudan, but was caught in the Shambe region when he was just one-year-old and shipped to the Dvůr Králové Zoo in the Czech Republic.

In December 2009, he was moved to the Ol Pejeta Conservancy with two female northern white rhinos and another male, for a "Last Chance To Survive" breeding program. The other remaining male has now since passed away –meaning ageing Sudan is now the last male in the world. Three of the five northern white rhinos left live at Ol Pejeta and it was hoped Sudan would be able to mate with the females Fatu, 15 and Najin, 25. But so far all attempts have failed. Richard said: “It really came to a head with the death of Suni last year, the other remaining male northern white rhino – he was much younger than Sudan.


“These animals have been kept in captivity for a long time and there's been little success at breeding northern whites in captivity.Sudan is 42-years-old and the quality of his sperm is not particularly great. “His ability to mount a female is almost non-existent because of his problems with his back legs.

“It was always going to be a shot in the dark. We had the last remaining potentially reproductively viable northern whites left in the world and to recover a species from that level was always going to be a long shot.” The majestic animal is under guard 24-hours-a-day to protect him from poaching, and his horn has been filed down to further lower the risk of attack.


But the rare rhino has formed a strong bond with his gun-carrying guards and keepers. Rhino Keeper Zacharia Mutai said: “Sudan loves to be rubbed under the belly, and scratched behind the ears, it makes him feel relaxed. "When we call his name he often comes to us. “He’s really calm because he’s used to us, but animals are unpredictable they can charge and they can attack, so even I have to be careful.” Armed Guard John Mugo spends his days in the paddock with the rhinos, carrying a G3A3 assault rifle. John said: “Sudan is special because he’s the last one of his kind surviving in the whole universe. "We guard Sudan 24-hours a day around the clock to protect him form poaching. “He’s under threat because of his horn, we use guns to ensure the security of the rhinos.”


The guards change shift at 6am in the morning and 6pm at night, ensuring the endangered animals are protected at all times. But Richard believes there is still hope for the northern white rhino. With the rhinos failing to reproduce naturally, Richard believes artificial methods could still save the sub-species. The team are now looking at using southern white rhinos as surrogates to carry northern white fertilised eggs to create a pure bred northern white calf. “The problem with that is the technology to do it is yet to be developed in rhinos, so we have to develop the technology and the ability to do it with rhinos before we try to do it on the last remaining northern whites,” Richard explained. Another option is artificially inseminating southern white rhinos to create cross-bred offspring.
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Rhino poaching in Africa is out of control. Every 19.7 hours, another Rhino is brutally slain by poachers for it's horn. Currently, there are only 4 Northern White Rhinos left in the wild in the entire World. It is considered virtually extinct. In in Ol Pejeta Conservancy in Kenya anti-poaching rangers who are armed and ordered to shoot to kill are standing guard over these remaining few white rhinos. Something must be done NOW to stop the poaching, we cannot afford to turn our heads another minute to this travesty.

Fueling this devastation is a huge spike in demand for rhino horns, used for bogus cancer cures, hangover remedies and good luck charms in China and Vietnam. Protests from South Africa have so far been ignored by the authorities, but Europe has the power to change this by calling for a ban on all rhino trade -- from anywhere, to anywhere -- when countries meet at the next crucial international wildlife trade summit in July in Brussels.

Also reacting to the devastation/extinction of the northern white rhino and other rhino species, Sir Richard Branson of the Virgin Mobile/Airlines dynasty fame is calling for an immediate meeting of all the parties of CITES. (CITES [the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora] is an international agreement between world governments. Its aim is to ensure that international trade in specimens of wild animals and plants does not threaten their survival.)

Branson is calling on the members of CITES to organize an emergency meeting with a single agenda point: To put all possible measures in place to stop the out-of control poaching of rhino. See the Richard Branson petition below for details on what this would involve.

The Northern White Rhinoceros ~

The Northern White Rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum cottoni), formerly found in several countries in East and Central Africa south of the Sahara, is considered Critically Endangered or Extinct in the Wild. Recent research has suggested that the northern white rhinoceros might be a distinct species, and should therefore be renamed Ceratotherium cottoni. Distinct morphological and genetic differences suggest that the two proposed species have been separated for at least a million years.

As of 2006, there were only four northern white rhinos left in the wild according to the World Wide Fund for Nature. However, in June 2008 it was reported that the subspecies could be extinct in the wild since none of these four known remaining individuals has been seen since 2006.

On 20 November a herd of 4 northern white rhinos from Dvůr Králové Zoo was transported to Kenya. The Czech Dvůr Králové Zoo was the world's only zoo where northern white rhinos reproduced offspring. But as the last offspring were born in 2000, the zoo management decided to stimulate the Rhino's sexual appetite by putting them back into their natural habitat. The agreement with Kenya government expects the Rhinos never to be returned to the Czech Republic. Reportedly they are supposed to be heavily guarded to ensure safety from poachers. The northern white rhino formerly ranged over parts of north-western Uganda, southern Chad, south-western Sudan, the eastern part of Central African Republic, and north-eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Poachers reduced their population from 500 to 15 in the 1970s and 1980s. From the early 1990s through mid 2003, the population recovered to more than 32 animals. Surveys in 2000 indicated that the population had started recovering, with 30 animals confirmed in 2000, and possibly six others. Since mid-2003, poaching had intensified and reduced the wild population to only 5 to 10 animals (7 actual count worldwide). Source - Wikipedia

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